High-rise buildings present unique risks during earthquakes, fires, and power outages. Elevators can fail, stairwells can become dangerous, and rushing to evacuate often causes injuries. As a disaster specialist, I explain how to evacuate high-rise buildings safely and at the right time.
■① During Shaking: Do Not Rush for Exits
When an earthquake begins:
- Drop, Cover, and Hold On immediately
- Stay inside the building during strong shaking
- Move away from windows, glass walls, and tall furniture
- Do NOT use elevators
Most injuries in high-rises occur when people try to move during shaking.
■② After Shaking Stops: Assess Before Evacuating
Once movement ends:
- Check for injuries
- Look for signs of fire, smoke, or structural damage
- Listen to building announcements or emergency alerts
- Prepare for aftershocks
Evacuation should be based on conditions, not panic.
■③ Use Stairwells Carefully if Evacuation Is Necessary
If authorities or conditions require evacuation:
- Use stairwells, never elevators
- Hold handrails and move slowly
- Stay on the right side to allow emergency responders through
- Assist children, elderly, and injured occupants
Stairwells can become crowded—patience prevents falls.
■④ Watch for Secondary Hazards During Descent
High-rise evacuations carry hidden risks:
- Falling debris near exits
- Smoke accumulation in stairwells
- Loss of lighting during power outages
- Fatigue from long descents
Take breaks if needed and keep moving calmly.
■⑤ Follow Building Emergency Procedures and Reentry Rules
After evacuation:
- Move to designated assembly areas
- Stay clear of the building exterior
- Do not reenter until authorities declare it safe
- Follow instructions from fire and safety personnel
Reentry too early can be more dangerous than evacuation itself.
■Summary
Safe evacuation from high-rise buildings requires patience and judgment. Staying inside during shaking, avoiding elevators, using stairwells carefully, and following official guidance protect lives. Knowing when—not just how—to evacuate is the key to surviving emergencies in tall buildings.
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